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          <dc:title>複眼進化研究の新機軸：視細胞のdeep homology</dc:title>
          <dc:title xml:lang="en">New direction of evolutionary study of compound eyes: deep homology of photoreceptors</dc:title>
          <jpcoar:creator>
            <jpcoar:creatorName xml:lang="en">HARIKAWA, Kentaro</jpcoar:creatorName>
          </jpcoar:creator>
          <jpcoar:creator>
            <jpcoar:creatorName>蟻川, 謙太郎</jpcoar:creatorName>
          </jpcoar:creator>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">複眼</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">視細胞</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">進化</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">発生</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">ショウジョウバエ</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">チョウ類</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">調節因子</jpcoar:subject>
          <jpcoar:subject subjectScheme="Other">国際研究者交流</jpcoar:subject>
          <datacite:description descriptionType="Other">26650117</datacite:description>
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          <datacite:description descriptionType="Other">2014～2016</datacite:description>
          <datacite:description descriptionType="Abstract">研究成果の概要(和文):多くの昆虫複眼は２タイプの個眼を含むが、チョウではこれが３タイプである。これは訪花性への適応なのか？この疑問に答えるため、複眼の形成過程をチョウとハエで比較した。ハエでは、全個眼で調節因子Prospero(Pros)がR7細胞に発現する。Prosはチョウでは個眼当り２細胞に発現していた。チョウではR7が重複したらしい。ハエの個眼多様性は、R7にSpineless(Ss)が発現するか否かで決まる。チョウ個眼ではSs陽性細胞数が２か１か０で、３タイプの個眼に対応すると考えられた。実際ssの機能を止めると、全個眼に紫外受容細胞が２個できた。複眼の分光学的多様性は視細胞数の増加と関係あるようだ。 
研究成果の概要(英文):Compound eyes of many insects consists of two spectrally-heterogeneous ommatidia. The number is butterflies and bees, making their eyes spectrally richer. Is this an adaptation for having better color vision in flower-visitors? We addressed this question by comparing the eye development in flies and butterflies. A transcription factor Prospero (Pros) is expressed in a short-wavelength receptor, R7, in all commatidia in flies. We found Pros is expressed in two cells per an ommatidium in butterflies　: R7 seems to be duplicated. Ommatidial heterogeneity is detected in flies by stochastic expression of Spineless (Ss) in R7. In butterflies, two R7-like cells express Ss in three patterns, on/off, on/on and off/off, as if they correspond to three ommatidial types. In fact, butterflies whose ss gene is knockes-out have the UV-UV type commatidia. It thus appears that the spectral richness of butterfly eyes is associated with duplication of R7-like cell in the process of adaptation.</datacite:description>
          <datacite:description descriptionType="Other">20167232 | https://nrid.nii.ac.jp/ja/nrid/1000020167232/</datacite:description>
          <datacite:description descriptionType="Other">科学研究費補助金研究成果報告書 
研究代表者:蟻川謙太郎[総合研究大学院大学先導科学研究科教授]</datacite:description>
          <datacite:date dateType="Created">2017-04-10</datacite:date>
          <dc:language>jpn</dc:language>
          <dc:type rdf:resource="http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18ws">research report</dc:type>
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            <datacite:date dateType="Available">2018-05-28</datacite:date>
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