{"created":"2023-06-20T13:21:00.850282+00:00","id":1098,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"38b3ebad-8419-4387-b456-121c9dbf99c3"},"_deposit":{"created_by":1,"id":"1098","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1098"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00001098","sets":["2:430:22"]},"author_link":["9312","9313","9314"],"item_1_creator_2":{"attribute_name":"著者名","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"渡邉, 昌子"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_creator_3":{"attribute_name":"フリガナ","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"ワタナベ, ショウコ"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_date_granted_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"1999-03-24"}]},"item_1_degree_grantor_5":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_name":"総合研究大学院大学"}]}]},"item_1_degree_name_6":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（医学）"}]},"item_1_description_12":{"attribute_name":"要旨","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"     Face perception is considered to be one of the most important factors of daily life in animals. There are many studies concerning face perception, using microelectrodes in monkeys and the face-specific neurons are found in the temporal cortex, mainly in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and convexity of the inferior temporal (IT) cortex. In clinical studies, prosopagnosia is usually produced by lesions in the bilateral hemispheres, but its symptoms can also be produced by damage to the right hemisphere alone. In normal subjects, there have been various reports concerning the neural basis of the processing of face perception using electroencephalography (EEG) recorded from the scalp, from the cortical surface or from the intracerebral regions, and using positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). As in the animal studies, the importance of the STS and IT, particularly the latter, was reported. Bilateral hemispheres were activated in most reports, but a large number of studies reported the dominance of the right hemisphere. <br />     Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has the theoretical advantages of localizing brain dipoles due to reduced effects caused by cerebrospinal fluid, skull and skin, and its excellent temporal resolution is much higher than those of fMRI and PET. Therefore, the detailed temporal processing of information can be identified only by MEG and EEG. However, multiple areas including the primary visual cortex may be activated in response to face stimuli, and their activities must be temporally overlapped. To explore this concept, they used spatio-temporal multiple dipole models for analyzing MEG, and recorded EEG simultaneously. The objective of this study was to determine the temporal and spatial information traces of face perception in humans by MEG and EEG.<br />      They used 5 different visual stimuli, face with opened eyes, face with closed eyes, eyes, scrambled face, and hand, and they were shown in random order. Subjects were asked to count the number of hand stimuli. To analyze the complicated brain responses to visual stimuli, they used brain electric source analysis (BESA) as the spatio- temporal multiple source model. In MEG recording, the 1M and 2M components were identified in all subjects. The 1M was recorded to all kinds of stimuli but the 2M was recorded only to face and eyes. The 2M was recorded from the right hemisphere in all subjects, but in only 5 of 10 subjects from the left hemisphere. The mean peak latencies of the 1M and 2M were approximately 132 and 180 msec, respectively. The interpeak latency between 1M and 2M was approximately 48 msec on average but the interindividual difference was large. The 2M latency to eyes was significantly longer than that to face, and there was no significant difference of the 2M latency between face with opened eyes and face with closed eyes. The 1M was generated in the primary visual cortex in the bilateral hemispheres, and the 2M was generated in the inferior temporal cortex, around the fusiform gyrus. In the EEG recording, face-specific components, positive at the vertex and the negative at the temporal areas were clearly ecorded. The EEG results were fundamentally compatible with the MEG results. <br />  The amplitude of the component recorded from the right hemisphere was significantly larger than that from the left hemisphere. These findings suggest that the fusiform gyrus plays an important role in face perception in humans and that the right hemisphere is more dominant. Face perception takes place approximately 48 msec after the primary response to visual stimulation in the primary visual cortex, but the period of information transfer to the fusiform gyrus is variable among subjects.  Detailed temporal and spatial analyses of the processing of face perception can be achieved with MEG.<br />       The important findings identified in the present study are summarized as follows; <br /> (1) The IT areas around the fusiform gyrus are activated in response to face and eyes stimulation. This area did not respond to scrambled face nor hand stimulation.<br />     There was no significant difference of ECD location among face with opened eyes and closed eyes, and eyes. Activities in the STS were not clearly identified. <br /> (2) The period between the peaks of the 1M and 2M, which probably indicated the period of information transfer from the primary visual cortex to the IT area, was about 48 msec, but the inter-individual difference was large. <br /> (3) The IT in the bilateral hemispheres were activated in about half of the subjects, but only the right IT was activated in the other half. The amplitudes of the EEG components recorded from the right hemisphere were significantly larger than those from the left hemisphere. <br /> (4) Regarding the effects of eyes, there was no significant difference in latencies and amplitudes between face with opened eyes and face with closed eyes, but the responses to eyes were significantly longer in latency than those to face with opened and closed eyes (P<0.01). When using the simple gray background as eyes stimuli, the number of subjects who showed clear responses to eyes was much increased, compared with the experiment when using scrambled face as the background.<br /> (5) Recording EEG and MEG simultaneously was very useful to elucidate the generating mechanisms of both EEG and MEG components. ","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_18":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_7":{"attribute_name":"学位記番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"総研大甲第413号","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_select_14":{"attribute_name":"所蔵","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"有"}]},"item_1_select_8":{"attribute_name":"研究科","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"生命科学研究科"}]},"item_1_select_9":{"attribute_name":"専攻","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"20 生理科学専攻"}]},"item_1_text_10":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"1998"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"WATANABE, Shoko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲413_要旨.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"381.5 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"要旨・審査要旨 / Abstract, Screening Result","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1098/files/甲413_要旨.pdf"},"version_id":"a0fad02a-8dcc-4f7f-9259-ba314a16c0d5"},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲413_本文.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"6.8 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"本文","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1098/files/甲413_本文.pdf"},"version_id":"7e5e1e16-9072-448c-8be8-7859b4a919c3"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec"}]},"item_title":"Human Face Perception Traced By Magneto- andElectro- encephalography","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Human Face Perception Traced By Magneto- andElectro- encephalography"},{"subitem_title":"Human Face Perception Traced By Magneto- andElectro- encephalography","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"1","owner":"1","path":["22"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2010-02-22"},"publish_date":"2010-02-22","publish_status":"0","recid":"1098","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Human Face Perception Traced By Magneto- andElectro- encephalography"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":1},"updated":"2023-06-20T14:48:01.361829+00:00"}