{"created":"2023-06-20T13:21:13.459766+00:00","id":1344,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c8ee4966-1661-4744-a99d-51a32f0cd0a6"},"_deposit":{"created_by":1,"id":"1344","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1344"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00001344","sets":["2:430:27"]},"author_link":["9652","9651","9653"],"item_1_creator_2":{"attribute_name":"著者名","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"栃谷, 史郎"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_creator_3":{"attribute_name":"フリガナ","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"トチタニ, シロウ"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_date_granted_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2001-03-23"}]},"item_1_degree_grantor_5":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_name":"総合研究大学院大学"}]}]},"item_1_degree_name_6":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（理学）"}]},"item_1_description_12":{"attribute_name":"要旨","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"The mammalian central nervous system consists of quite various types of neurons.  Nowhere is this neuronal diversity more apparent than in the cerebral neocortex.  The neuronal diversity in the neocortex may be, at least in part, reflected in the neuronal molecular properties.  Marker molecules to visualize specific subsets of neurons are useful for studying how the neocortex is organized to function.  One approach to identify such molecular markers is to examine the differences in molecular properties among morphologically and physiologically distinct neuronal cell types.  The adult mammalian neocortex is subdivided into functional areas that have distinct neuronal cell types.  In order to find molecular markers, he applied differential display to compare mRNA expression in the anatomically and functionally distinct areas of the adult macaque neocortex.  Macaque neocortices were selected as the materials to compare because neocortical differentiation is more fully expressed in macaques than in the other mammalian model organisms such as mice and rats.  He performed the comparison of mRNAs using differential display method because he can compare many kinds of mRNAs at the same time with limited amount of mRNA by the method.<br />  As a result he found that a gene was preferentially transcribed in the posterior region of the neocortex.  The gene was designated as occl.  Screening a cDNA library from the occipital neocortex of a macaque and complete sequencing analysis revealed that occ1 encodes a macaque homologue of a secretable protein, TSC-36/follistatin-related protein (FRP).  Overexpression studies using COS7 cells and Western blotting using antiserum generated against the product of occl showed that the product is released from the transfected cells after undergoing posttranslational modification.  In situ hybridization histochemistry showed that occl is expressed in the neurons of neocortex.  The hybridization signals were occasionally observed in the processes of neurons.  Taking into account this observation and the presence of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element in 3'-UTR of occ1 mRNA, the occ1 mRNA localized in the neuronal processes raised the possibility that the occ1 mRNA undergo cytoplasmic translation in the processes.  In situ hybridization with tissues throughout the macaque neocortical hemisphere confirmed the preferential distribution of occ1 in the occipital neocortex, especially the primary visual cortex (area 17).  occ1 expression showed a characteristic laminar pattern in area 17, being high in layers II, III, IVA and IVC of area 17.  The laminar distribution of occ7-positive neurons in area 18, adjacent to area 17, was completely different from that in area 17.  The signals were most frequently observed in the lower one third of layer III and throughout the layer IV.  In the other region of neocortex, the primary somatosensory cortex and the primary auditory cortex could be identified by densities and patterns of staining.  In addition, occ1 transcription was observed selectively in cells of the magnocellular layers in LGN and the specific subtype of neurons in the hippocampal formation.  Dual labeling immunohistochemistry showed that the occ7-positive neurons in area 17 include both GABA-positive aspiny inhibitory cells and α subunit of type II calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII α)-positive spiny excitatory cells.  This data showed an aspect of the expression of occl that occ1 is expressed in various types of neurons in a particular region.  He next applied in situ hybridization histochemistry to monocularly deprived monkey tissues, which showed that the occ1-mRNA level markedly decreased in the deprived ocular dominance columns of area 17.  The reduction in occ1 mRNA reached up to 57% in layer III and 74% in layer IVCβ.  The data suggested that occ1 mRNA expression is subject to afferent-dependent regulation.  From these, he concluded that the expression of occl mRNA can be useful as a molecular marker to visualize a specific subset of neurons which are preferentially localized in particular laminae of area 17 and consist of various morphological and physiological neuronal types.<br />  It is known that there happen the two major developmental events in the primary visual cortex of macaque during the first several months after birth, the duration of the sensitivity of ocular dominance columns to monocular deprivation and the increase and peak of synaptogenesis.  It is thought that the secretable molecules expressed in an activity-dependent manner play an important role in these developmental events, which raises the possibility that occl is also involved in the events.  He next analyzed the expression pattern of occ1 and the change in the relative amount of occ1 mRNA in the primary visual cortex in newborn (1-2 day old), 3-month old (92-97 day old) and adult monkeys in order to explore whether there is a temporal correlation between these events and the change in occ1 mRNA expression.  In situ hybridization showed that the laminar expression pattern of occ1 in area 17 changes as development proceeds.  Optical density measurements showed that the relative amount of occ1 mRNA in area 17 ever increase gradually during postnatal development and get the highest at adult.  Furthermore, the analysis on the change in optical density of hybridization signals showed that the increase of occ1 expression in layer IVCβ is the largest.  These data suggest that occl expression may increase in an activity-dependent manner during the postnatal developmental events and further imply that occ1 plays a role in these developmental events.  Examination on the patterns of occ1 mRNA expression in areas 17 and 18 in newborn and 3-month old monkeys showed that area 17 displayed a characteristic pattern of occ1 mRNA expression that clearly differs from that of the adjacent area 18, suggesting that occl can be used as a marker for neurons in area 17 at these stages as it can in adult neocortex.<br />  The region-selective and activity-dependent occl expression in adult macaque neocortex raised a question 'How does the expression contribute to the function of neocortex?'  In order to answer the question, the further examination on the function of occ1 in neurons from many aspects is needed.  The information about the function of occ1 would provide a new insight into the functional organization of neocortex.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_18":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_7":{"attribute_name":"学位記番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"総研大甲第535号","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_select_14":{"attribute_name":"所蔵","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"有"}]},"item_1_select_8":{"attribute_name":"研究科","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"生命科学研究科"}]},"item_1_select_9":{"attribute_name":"専攻","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"X2 分子生物機構論専攻"}]},"item_1_text_10":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"2000"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"TOCHITANI, Shirou","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲535_要旨.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"364.5 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"要旨・審査要旨 / Abstract, Screening Result","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1344/files/甲535_要旨.pdf"},"version_id":"41cf9e3a-aad8-4170-85c7-108708746552"},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲535_本文.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"5.6 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"本文","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1344/files/甲535_本文.pdf"},"version_id":"8546a18b-246b-46f6-ad5c-fc26f7280757"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec"}]},"item_title":"The gene, occ,is preferentially expressed in the primary visual cortex in an activity-dependent manner:a pattern of gene expression strikingly related to the functional area in macaque neocortex","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"The gene, occ,is preferentially expressed in the primary visual cortex in an activity-dependent manner:a pattern of gene expression strikingly related to the functional area in macaque neocortex"},{"subitem_title":"The gene, occ,is preferentially expressed in the primary visual cortex in an activity-dependent manner:a pattern of gene expression strikingly related to the functional area in macaque neocortex","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"1","owner":"1","path":["27"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2010-02-22"},"publish_date":"2010-02-22","publish_status":"0","recid":"1344","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["The gene, occ,is preferentially expressed in the primary visual cortex in an activity-dependent manner:a pattern of gene expression strikingly related to the functional area in macaque neocortex"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":1},"updated":"2023-06-20T14:45:16.181684+00:00"}