{"created":"2023-06-20T13:21:29.168833+00:00","id":1705,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c1c3f6a5-0492-4b97-9f58-8e58224c3f4f"},"_deposit":{"created_by":21,"id":"1705","owners":[21],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1705"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00001705","sets":["2:430:22"]},"author_link":["0","0","0"],"item_1_creator_2":{"attribute_name":"著者名","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"綾部, 友亮"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_creator_3":{"attribute_name":"フリガナ","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"アヤベ, トモアキ"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_1_date_granted_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2010-03-24"}]},"item_1_degree_grantor_5":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_name":"総合研究大学院大学"}]}]},"item_1_degree_name_6":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（学術）"}]},"item_1_description_12":{"attribute_name":"要旨","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Selective attention has two main aspects: bottom-up attention and top-down
attention. Bottom-up attention is elicited or driven by the properties of
stimuli automatically. Top-down attention refers to a volitional focusing of
attention on a location and/or an object based on current behavioral goals,
while other processing is inhibited. Each attention is classified by subject to
which one directs attention. The attention to an object is called object-based
attention, whereas that to a location is spatial attention.
Although numerous neuropsychological studies have investigated neural
mechanisms regarding to these kinds of attention, it is still unknown entail
neural mechanisms. Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and
investigated neural responses underlying to two kinds of selective attention.
In the first study, we investigated neural mechanisms regarding Inhibition
of return (IOR). IOR is a phenomenon of bottom-up spatial attention that
involves reaction times (RTs) to a spatially cued target that are longer than
RTs to an uncued target when the interval between the cue and target is
prolonged. Although numerous studies have examined IOR, no consensus
has yet been reached regarding the neural mechanisms responsible for it.
We used MEG and measured the neural responses underlying the time
course of IOR, applying a typical spatial cueing paradigm. The cue-target
interval was 600 ± 200 ms. Three following experimental conditions were
employed. (1) Cued: the cue and target were presented at the same location.
(2) Uncued: the two stimuli were presented at opposite locations. (3)
Neutral: the cue stimulus was presented bilaterally. We found differences in
the amplitudes of signals in the posterio-temporal and bilateral temporal
areas, and peak latencies in a central area between the cued and uncued
conditions. These signals were localized to the extrastriate cortex, bilateral
temporal-parietal junction (TPJ), and primary motor cortex, respectively.
Bilateral TPJ activities are related to the identification of salient events in
the sensory environment both within and independent of the current
behavioral context and may play an important role in IOR in addition to
extrastriate and the primary motor cortex.
In the second study, we investigated neural responses concerning
top-down object-based attention. Although top-down attention to a specific
object, a volitional focusing of attention on an object based on current
behavioral goals, can modulate early neural activities in extrastriate
cortices for object-processing, no consensus has yet been reached regarding
early modulation for face and object-processing. To address this issue, we
adopted a double-exposure visual stimulus comprising superimposed
images of a face and a house and asked subjects to direct their attention at
either image. MEG revealed bilateral activities in the occipital,
occipito-temporal and superior temporal sulcus (STS) at 100 (M100R: right
occipital, M100L: left occipital), 170 (M170R: right occipito-temporal;
M170L: left occipito-temporal) and 230 (M230R: right STS, M230L: left
STS) ms, respectively. We found that top-down object-based attention
enhanced the activity in the right occipito-temporal area (M170R) and in
the right STS (M230R) for face-processing. For object-processing, only the
activity in the right STS activity (M230R) was modulated by top-down
attention. These results suggested that top-down attention has different
effects on face and object-processing with preferred and early access to
face-processing.
In the third study, we investigated neural responses concerning top-down
spatial attention and revealed common and different neural basis with
top-down object-based attention dealt with Experiment 2. Images of a face
and object (a house) were presented in the peripheral visual field (same as
those used in Experiment 2) and subjects were asked to direct their
attention to a face or an object. MEG revealed bilateral activities in the
occipital, occipito-temporal and STS at 100 ms, 170 and 260 ms,
respectively. We found that top-down spatial attention enhanced the activity
in the right occipito-temporal area and in the right STS for face-processing.
For object-processing, only the activity in the right STS activity was
modulated by top-down spatial attention. These results suggested that
top-down spatial attention has different effects on face and
object-processing with preferred and early access to face-processing. The
study indicated that top-down spatial attention has similar effects on neural
activities of top-down object-based attention.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_7":{"attribute_name":"学位記番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"総研大甲第1359号","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_select_14":{"attribute_name":"所蔵","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"有"}]},"item_1_select_8":{"attribute_name":"研究科","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"生命科学研究科"}]},"item_1_select_9":{"attribute_name":"専攻","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"20 生理科学専攻"}]},"item_1_text_10":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"2009"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"AYABE, Tomoaki","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲1359_要旨.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"173.7 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"要旨・審査要旨","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1705/files/甲1359_要旨.pdf"},"version_id":"459c6d08-cb14-47c3-90e0-14a52fadcf6c"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec"}]},"item_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study.","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study."},{"subitem_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study.","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"1","owner":"21","path":["22"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2011-01-19"},"publish_date":"2011-01-19","publish_status":"0","recid":"1705","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study."],"weko_creator_id":"21","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T15:56:27.703930+00:00"}