{"created":"2023-06-20T13:21:29.168833+00:00","id":1705,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"c1c3f6a5-0492-4b97-9f58-8e58224c3f4f"},"_deposit":{"created_by":21,"id":"1705","owners":[21],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"1705"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00001705","sets":["2:430:22"]},"author_link":["0","0","0"],"item_1_creator_2":{"attribute_name":"著者名","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"綾部, 友亮"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"0","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_1_creator_3":{"attribute_name":"フリガナ","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"アヤベ, トモアキ"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"0","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_1_date_granted_11":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2010-03-24"}]},"item_1_degree_grantor_5":{"attribute_name":"学位授与機関","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_name":"総合研究大学院大学"}]}]},"item_1_degree_name_6":{"attribute_name":"学位名","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（学術）"}]},"item_1_description_12":{"attribute_name":"要旨","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Selective attention has two main aspects: bottom-up attention and top-down<br />attention. Bottom-up attention is elicited or driven by the properties of<br />stimuli automatically. Top-down attention refers to a volitional focusing of<br />attention on a location and/or an object based on current behavioral goals,<br />while other processing is inhibited. Each attention is classified by subject to<br />which one directs attention. The attention to an object is called object-based<br />attention, whereas that to a location is spatial attention.<br />　Although numerous neuropsychological studies have investigated neural<br />mechanisms regarding to these kinds of attention, it is still unknown entail<br />neural mechanisms. Here, we used magnetoencephalography (MEG) and<br />investigated neural responses underlying to two kinds of selective attention.<br />In the first study, we investigated neural mechanisms regarding Inhibition<br />of return (IOR). IOR is a phenomenon of bottom-up spatial attention that<br />involves reaction times (RTs) to a spatially cued target that are longer than<br />RTs to an uncued target when the interval between the cue and target is<br />prolonged. Although numerous studies have examined IOR, no consensus<br />has yet been reached regarding the neural mechanisms responsible for it. <br />We used MEG and measured the neural responses underlying the time<br />course of IOR, applying a typical spatial cueing paradigm. The cue-target<br />interval was 600 ± 200 ms. Three following experimental conditions were<br />employed. (1) Cued: the cue and target were presented at the same location.<br />(2) Uncued: the two stimuli were presented at opposite locations. (3)<br />Neutral: the cue stimulus was presented bilaterally. We found differences in<br />the amplitudes of signals in the posterio-temporal and bilateral temporal<br />areas, and peak latencies in a central area between the cued and uncued<br />conditions. These signals were localized to the extrastriate cortex, bilateral<br />temporal-parietal junction (TPJ), and primary motor cortex, respectively.<br />Bilateral TPJ activities are related to the identification of salient events in <br />the sensory environment both within and independent of the current<br />behavioral context and may play an important role in IOR in addition to<br />extrastriate and the primary motor cortex.<br />　In the second study, we investigated neural responses concerning<br />top-down object-based attention. Although top-down attention to a specific<br />object, a volitional focusing of attention on an object based on current<br />behavioral goals, can modulate early neural activities in extrastriate<br />cortices for object-processing, no consensus has yet been reached regarding<br />early modulation for face and object-processing. To address this issue, we<br />adopted a double-exposure visual stimulus comprising superimposed<br />images of a face and a house and asked subjects to direct their attention at<br />either image. MEG revealed bilateral activities in the occipital, <br />occipito-temporal and superior temporal sulcus (STS) at 100 (M100R: right<br />occipital, M100L: left occipital), 170 (M170R: right occipito-temporal;<br />M170L: left occipito-temporal) and 230 (M230R: right STS, M230L: left<br />STS) ms, respectively. We found that top-down object-based attention<br />enhanced the activity in the right occipito-temporal area (M170R) and in<br />the right STS (M230R) for face-processing. For object-processing, only the<br />activity in the right STS activity (M230R) was modulated by top-down<br />attention. These results suggested that top-down attention has different<br />effects on face and object-processing with preferred and early access to<br />face-processing.<br />　In the third study, we investigated neural responses concerning top-down<br />spatial attention and revealed common and different neural basis with<br />top-down object-based attention dealt with Experiment 2. Images of a face<br />and object (a house) were presented in the peripheral visual field (same as <br />those used in Experiment 2) and subjects were asked to direct their<br />attention to a face or an object. MEG revealed bilateral activities in the<br />occipital, occipito-temporal and STS at 100 ms, 170 and 260 ms,<br />respectively. We found that top-down spatial attention enhanced the activity<br />in the right occipito-temporal area and in the right STS for face-processing.<br />For object-processing, only the activity in the right STS activity was<br />modulated by top-down spatial attention. These results suggested that<br />top-down spatial attention has different effects on face and<br />object-processing with preferred and early access to face-processing. The<br />study indicated that top-down spatial attention has similar effects on neural<br />activities of top-down object-based attention.","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_description_7":{"attribute_name":"学位記番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"総研大甲第1359号","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1_select_14":{"attribute_name":"所蔵","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"有"}]},"item_1_select_8":{"attribute_name":"研究科","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"生命科学研究科"}]},"item_1_select_9":{"attribute_name":"専攻","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_select_item":"20 生理科学専攻"}]},"item_1_text_10":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"2009"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"AYABE, Tomoaki","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"0","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2016-02-17"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"甲1359_要旨.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"173.7 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"要旨・審査要旨","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/1705/files/甲1359_要旨.pdf"},"version_id":"459c6d08-cb14-47c3-90e0-14a52fadcf6c"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"eng"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"thesis","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec"}]},"item_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study.","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study."},{"subitem_title":"Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study.","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"1","owner":"21","path":["22"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2011-01-19"},"publish_date":"2011-01-19","publish_status":"0","recid":"1705","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["Difference of neural activities modulated by visual selective attention: An MEG-based study."],"weko_creator_id":"21","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T15:56:27.703930+00:00"}