{"created":"2023-06-20T13:24:35.801057+00:00","id":6121,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"84371d5a-94fa-4b1f-880f-060158198a1b"},"_deposit":{"created_by":24,"id":"6121","owners":[24],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"6121"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00006121","sets":["33:34"]},"author_link":["357","11247"],"item_2_creator_3":{"attribute_name":"著者名(英)","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SATTA, Yoko","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_2_date_4":{"attribute_name":"発行日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_date_issued_datetime":"2020-04-01","subitem_date_issued_type":"Created"}]},"item_2_description_13":{"attribute_name":"研究課題番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"16H04821","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_2_description_14":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_2_description_16":{"attribute_name":"研究期間","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"2016～2018","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_2_description_17":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"研究成果の概要（和文）：ヒトの疾病に関わる遺伝子のリスクSNPsの多くが他の霊長類で保存されている祖先型\nであることが知られている。ヒト特異的な社会的あるいは環境の変化によりこれらのSNPsがヒトの疾病と関わる\nようになったとの仮説を立て、これまで明らかになっている128の統合失調症関連SNPsをコアとして、連鎖不平\n衡(LD)、正の自然選択、SNPsの分岐時間等を解析している。東アジア集団で調べたところ、66SNPsで強いLDブロ\nックを、その内15SNPsで自然選択の可能性を検出した。これら15SNPsの分岐時間は半数が最近5万年以降であっ\nた。これは考古学的遺物からヒトの脳活動が亢進したと考えられる時期と一致している。\n\n研究成果の学術的意義や社会的意義\n現生人類は30万年ほど前にアフリカ大陸で誕生後、およそ5～8万年前に全世界へとその生息域を広げた。これに\n伴い、洞窟の壁画、遺跡から発掘される装飾品や石器などに見られるようにヒトは文化や技術の面で大きな発展\nを遂げた。この文化的・技術的な発展にはヒトの脳機能の亢進がともなっていることは想像に難くない。統合失\n調症は認知や思考の障害であり、その発症に関わる遺伝子は、そのようなヒトの脳機能の亢進に関わると考えら\nれる。そこで本研究では、最近、大規模関連解析で同定された統合失調症に関連する128個のSNPを対象に、ヒト\nの脳機能の亢進に関与したと思われる遺伝子を検出し、その適応的役割を明らかにする。\n\n研究成果の概要（英文）：It is known that many disease-related SNPs (risk SNPs) in humans are\nancestral, shared by non-human primates, implying that human-specific environmental or social\nchanges would be a trigger of the onset of SNP-related diseases. To examine this hypothesis, we\nstudied linkage disequilibrium (LD) surrounding target SNPs, a signal of positive selection on\nancestral and derived SNPs and estimated the divergence time of a derived allele group. A recent\nlarge-scale association study has identified 128 schizophrenia-related SNPs. Of these, 66 derived\nSNPs in East Asia showed strong LD blocks. Our newly developed statistical test revealed significant\nsignals of ongoing positive selection at 15 SNPs and the most recent common ancestor of a derived\nallele group at a half of the SNPs occurred no earlier than 50,000 years ago. This age of positively\nselected alleles at each target SNP coincides with the time of drastic changes in human brain\nactivities that became evident in archaeological remains.","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_2_relation_11":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"KAKEN(科学研究費補助金データーベース)"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H04821/","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_2_text_19":{"attribute_name":"研究分野","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"進化生理学、ゲノム集団遺伝学"}]},"item_2_text_20":{"attribute_name":"研究種目","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"基盤研究（B）（一般）"}]},"item_2_text_5":{"attribute_name":"報告年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_text_value":"2018"}]},"item_2_version_type_12":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"颯田, 葉子"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2020-07-06"}],"displaytype":"simple","filename":"16H04821seika.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"350.1 kB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_11","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"研究成果報告書","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/6121/files/16H04821seika.pdf"},"version_id":"87c37754-b4ec-4781-94af-a79fa34a6aec"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"統合失調症関連遺伝子群","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"脳機能","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"人類進化","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"正の自然選択","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"祖先型・派生型SNP","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"リスク型・非リスク型SNP","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"環境適応","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"社会構造の変化","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"research report","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_18ws"}]},"item_title":"ヒトの精神活動に関わる遺伝子の進化と集団遺伝学","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"ヒトの精神活動に関わる遺伝子の進化と集団遺伝学"},{"subitem_title":"Evolution and genomic population genetics of genes related to human mental activity","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"2","owner":"24","path":["34"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"公開日","attribute_value":"2020-07-06"},"publish_date":"2020-07-06","publish_status":"0","recid":"6121","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["ヒトの精神活動に関わる遺伝子の進化と集団遺伝学"],"weko_creator_id":"24","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2023-06-20T14:14:21.933771+00:00"}