{"created":"2023-06-20T13:24:51.678368+00:00","id":6615,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"a5a6c1ec-45ff-463a-bae6-5823f1a71e7f"},"_deposit":{"created_by":24,"id":"6615","owners":[24],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"6615"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00006615","sets":["28:43:564"]},"author_link":["12128","12129"],"item_10002_biblio_info_7":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2023-03-31","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"19","bibliographicPageEnd":"198(63)","bibliographicPageStart":"214(47)","bibliographic_titles":[{"bibliographic_title":"総研大文化科学研究"},{"bibliographic_title":"SOKENDAI Review of Cultural and Social Studies","bibliographic_titleLang":"en"}]}]},"item_10002_date_30":{"attribute_name":"発行年","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_date_issued_datetime":"2023-03-31"}]},"item_10002_description_19":{"attribute_name":"フォーマット","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"application/pdf","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_10002_description_5":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"　本稿は、安産以外の堕胎、間引き、避妊などの産育習俗において、用いられる石の特徴、石の働き、石の呪術性などについて考察し、石に託された民俗の心意を明らかにすることを目的とする。\n　これまでの民俗学の研究では、子授けや安産などを願う石の習俗について早くから報告がなされ、研究が蓄積されてきた。一方、避妊、堕胎などの「出生コントロール」や間引きに関する石の習俗については、研究がほとんどなされてこなかった。そこで本稿では、民俗学に限らず、近世史における堕胎、間引きなどの研究を参照し、筆者がこれまで研究を進めてきた石や岩石信仰との関わりから、石を用いた避妊、堕胎、間引きなどの習俗について検討していく。\n　分析の対象とするのは、『日本産育習俗資料集成』、『岡山縣下妊娠出産育兒に關する民俗資料』、『愛知縣下妊娠出産育兒に關する民俗資料』などの資料である。堕胎、間引きと避妊の実施方法や特徴、また石を用いたかどうかなどを分析の指標とした。結果は、以下に示す通りである。\n　まず石を用いた堕胎と間引きの習俗は、石の呪術性よりも、モノとしての石の重量、堅固という石の物理的な性質を利用していたことがわかった。堕胎の具体的な方法として、石を用いたものはわずかであるが、たとえば石を抱いて高いところから飛び降りる、漬け物石を持って動き廻る、などが挙げられる。間引きの習俗の場合も、石の物理的な性質を利用し、とくに神聖視される場合もある石臼を用いて嬰児を殺す方法などが見られた。\n　また、妊娠を避ける習俗では、石の持つ霊性または神性を基に、投げるまたは腰掛けるという行為を加えて祈願していたことが明らかとなった。その際、人に見られないように、また、後ろ向きになる、といった日常的な祈願の行為とは意識的に逆の行為を行って避妊の達成を願っていたことがわかった。\n　堕胎や避妊などの「産まない」こと、「妊娠しない」こと、また間引きという嬰児殺しのなかで、石を用いて子殺しをしたり、石ではないがホオズキの茎を性器に入れるなど、危険な方法で堕胎せざるを得なかった当時の女性たちの性や生が『日本産育習俗資料集成』という断片的な資料の中からも浮かび上がってくる。つまり、石を用いた／石を用いない「出生コントロール」を行う女性たちの切実な願いと現実、そして産まない、産めない女性を石を用いて「石女（うまずめ）」と表現した当時の人々の眼差しも、石に注目することで、明らかにすることができたと言える。\n\nThe purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics of the stones used in childbearing practices for purposes other than safe childbirth, such as abortion, infanticide, and contraception and the functions and magical properties of stones and to clarify folk beliefs entrusted to stones.\nThere are earlier reports of folklore studies on the custom of using stones to pray for fertility and easy childbirth, and studies on the subject have been accumulated. On the other hand, research has not been conducted extensively on stone-based customs related to birth control, such as contraception, abortion, and infanticide.\nThe author conducted studies on abortion and infanticide not only in folklore but also in early modern history and examined stone-based birth control, abortion, and infanticide customs in relation to stone and rock beliefs, which the author has been researching.\nBased on the materials such as Nihon saniku shūzoku shiryō shūsei, Okayama kenka ninsin shusan ikuji siryo, and Aichi kenka ninsin shusan ikuji siryo, the methods and characteristics of abortion, infanticide, and contraception, as well as whether or not stones were used, were used as indices in the analysis. The conclusions are as follows.\nFirst, it is clear that abortion and infanticide practices using stones were based more on the physical properties of stones as a tool, i.e., the weight and solidity, than on the magical properties of stones. Only a few specific methods of abortion involve use of stones. For example, jumping down from a high place holding a stone, or moving around while holding a stone. In the case of the custom of infanticide, the physical properties of stones were used to kill infants, especially by using a stone mortar, which is sometimes considered sacred.\nIn the custom of avoiding pregnancy, it was found that people prayed by throwing or sitting on stones based on their spiritual or divine properties. In doing so, it was found that they consciously performed the opposite act of daily prayer, such as turning backward or hiding not to be seen, in order to achieve the goal of contraception.\nAbortion, contraception, and other forms of infanticide to prevent birth, such as using stones to kill the child or inserting a hozuki stalk (a branch) into the genitals, as described in Nihon saniku shūzoku shiryō shūsei, reveal the sexual practices and lives of women who were forced to use dangerous methods to perform abortions.\nThe author clarifies the compelling desires and realities of the women who performed birth control using or without stones, as well as the viewpoints of the people of the time who referred to stones to describe women who did not or could not give birth, calling them stone women (umazume).","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_10002_link_26":{"attribute_name":"要旨リンク","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_link_text":"要旨","subitem_link_url":"http://www.bunka.soken.ac.jp/journal_bunka/19_05_song/index.html"},{"subitem_link_text":"Summary","subitem_link_url":"http://www.initiative.soken.ac.jp/journal_bunka/19_05_song/index_en.html"}]},"item_10002_link_28":{"attribute_name":"書誌レコードID(NCID)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_link_text":"AA12058987","subitem_link_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/AA12058987"}]},"item_10002_publisher_8":{"attribute_name":"出版者","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"総合研究大学院大学文化科学研究科 / 葉山町（神奈川県）"}]},"item_10002_relation_17":{"attribute_name":"関連サイト","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_relation_name":[{"subitem_relation_name_text":"第19号 号別論文一覧 / Vol.19 Thesis list"}],"subitem_relation_type_id":{"subitem_relation_type_id_text":"http://www.bunka.soken.ac.jp/journal_bunka/title_index.html#v19","subitem_relation_type_select":"URI"}}]},"item_10002_rights_15":{"attribute_name":"権利","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_rights":"©2023 The Graduate University for Advances Studies, SOKENDAI"}]},"item_10002_source_id_9":{"attribute_name":"ISSN","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"1883-096X","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"}]},"item_10002_textarea_25":{"attribute_name":"出版者(英)","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_textarea_language":"en","subitem_textarea_value":"SOKENDAI(The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), School of Cultural and Social Studies"}]},"item_10002_version_type_20":{"attribute_name":"著者版フラグ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_creator":{"attribute_name":"著者","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"宋, 丹丹","creatorNameLang":"ja"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"12128","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"SONG, Dandan","creatorNameLang":"en"}],"nameIdentifiers":[{"nameIdentifier":"12129","nameIdentifierScheme":"WEKO"}]}]},"item_files":{"attribute_name":"ファイル情報","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","date":[{"dateType":"Available"}],"filename":"SOKENDAIbunka_19_214","url":{"label":"論文PDF（リンク）","url":"http://www.initiative.soken.ac.jp/journal_bunka/19_05_song/19_05_song.pdf"},"version_id":""},{"accessrole":"open_date","date":[{"dateType":"Available","dateValue":"2023-03-24"}],"displaytype":"detail","filename":"song.pdf","filesize":[{"value":"1.5 MB"}],"format":"application/pdf","licensetype":"license_5","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"label":"論文PDF","url":"https://ir.soken.ac.jp/record/6615/files/song.pdf"},"version_id":"f4aa7874-306a-4641-9757-62f06781d263"}]},"item_keyword":{"attribute_name":"キーワード","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_subject":"妊娠・出産｜出生コントロール｜産育習俗｜安産祈願｜石の信仰｜心性｜近代","subitem_subject_language":"ja","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"},{"subitem_subject":"pregnancy/childbirth｜birth control｜childbirth customs｜prayer for safe delivery｜stone beliefs｜spirituality｜modernity","subitem_subject_language":"en","subitem_subject_scheme":"Other"}]},"item_language":{"attribute_name":"言語","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_resource_type":{"attribute_name":"資源タイプ","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_title":"「産まない」ことを願う石の習俗 ―近代における産育習俗を中心に―","item_titles":{"attribute_name":"タイトル","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"「産まない」ことを願う石の習俗 ―近代における産育習俗を中心に―","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"Stone-based Customs of Prayer to Avoid Childbirth: With a Focus on Childbearing Customs in the Modern Era","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_type_id":"10002","owner":"24","path":["564"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2023-03-24"},"publish_date":"2023-03-24","publish_status":"0","recid":"6615","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["「産まない」ことを願う石の習俗 ―近代における産育習俗を中心に―"],"weko_creator_id":"24","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2024-01-24T05:26:16.160417+00:00"}