さらに、筆者が2018年に実施した調査で、人々が自然を利用した活動の場において、月の満ち欠けを指針にしていたことが明らかになった。ドゥスンと月の関係についてはすでに1940年代にコタ・ブル地方のドゥスン社会を調査したイバンズの報告がある。そこで、本稿では筆者の調査結果とエバンスによるドゥスンと月の報告を比較検討することで、2000年代の当該社会における月の役割を検討する。それにより、近代的な営みと自然資源を利用した活動が絡み合う、現代ドゥスン社会の自然とのかかわりの一端を明らかにしたい。
The main subject of this paper is the relationship between the moon and the indigenous people who live in Dusun near the urban area of Sabah State in Borneo. Through observation of their practices using nature, this paper aims to represent the outward appearance of activities that are still practiced in the increasingly urbanized Dusun society.
The people of Dusun have continued to live a self-sufficient lifestyle by hunting. gathering and fishing, making use of the tropical forests and rivers, using primarily the slash-and burn method and paddy cultivation. Their lifestyle of making use of nature is undergoing rapid changes because of changes in the environment of tropical rainforests; people’s livelihoods; and their religious beliefs as a result of the political and economic changes at the national level.
The KD village where the Dusun people live, which is the focus of this paper, is located at the foot of a river flowing from the Crocker Range. While the village has easy accessibility to an urban area—approximately 15 minutes by car to the city of Penampang—it is surrounded by a tropical forest and as a result, the environment of the village, their livelihood, and their religious beliefs have changed, but their activities that make use of nature are still actively practiced. A survey conducted in 2018 revealed that they use the waxing and waning of the moon as a guide for their activities in nature.
The relationship between the Dusun people and the moon was already reported by Evans, who investigated Dusun society in the Kota Belud region in the 1940s. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt is made to examine the changes in the relationship with nature in Dusun society by comparing the results of the author’s research with the reports of the Dusun and the moon by Evans.
月を読む人びと ―マレーシア、サバ州都市近郊に暮らすドゥスンの自然利用―
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2021 nishiyama 本文
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