| Item type |
学位論文 / Thesis or Dissertation(1) |
| 公開日 |
2010-02-22 |
| タイトル |
|
|
タイトル |
Comparative Analysis of Genomic Imprinting and DNA Methylation between Mammals and Chickens |
| タイトル |
|
|
タイトル |
Comparative Analysis of Genomic Imprinting and DNA Methylation between Mammals and Chickens |
|
言語 |
en |
| 言語 |
|
|
言語 |
eng |
| 資源タイプ |
|
|
資源タイプ識別子 |
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec |
|
資源タイプ |
thesis |
| 著者名 |
横峯, 孝昭
|
| フリガナ |
ヨコミネ, タカアキ
|
| 著者 |
YOKOMINE, Takaaki
|
| 学位授与機関 |
|
|
|
学位授与機関名 |
総合研究大学院大学 |
| 学位名 |
|
|
学位名 |
博士（理学） |
| 学位記番号 |
|
|
内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
総研大甲第864号 |
| 研究科 |
|
|
値 |
生命科学研究科 |
| 専攻 |
|
|
値 |
18 遺伝学専攻 |
| 学位授与年月日 |
|
|
学位授与年月日 |
2005-03-24 |
| 学位授与年度 |
|
|
値 |
2004 |
| 要旨 |
|
|
内容記述タイプ |
Other |
|
内容記述 |
Genomic imprinting, the parent-of-origin-specific expression of genes, has been observed in a variety of eutherian mammals but its precise mechanisms and the reasons for its evolution are largely unknown. Previous studies revealed that IGF2 and MPR/IGF2R are imprinted in eutherian mammals and marsupials but not in monotremes or birds. As a step to understand how genomic imprinting evolved and is regulated, I studied chicken (Gallus gallus), which is one of the best model animals among oviparous vertebrate species. First, I examined whether the chicken orthologues of mammalian imprinted genes other than IGF2 and MPR/IGF2R show parent-of-origin-specific expression. I found that chicken ASCL2/CASH4 and INS are biallelically expressed, further supporting the notion that imprinting evolved after the divergence of mammals and birds. Second, I carried out a comparative analysis of the ASCL2/CASH4-INS-IGF2-H19 region for cis-regulatory elements involved in imprinting, between mammals and chickens. The H19 imprinting center (IC) and many of the local regulatory elements identified in mammals were not found in chickens. Third, I attempted to clone and characterize the chicken DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) genes because DNA methylation has been shown to be involved in imprinting in mammals. I found that DNMT3A, a de novo methyltransferase gene essential for imprint establishment, is highly conserved in mammals and chickens. However, DNMT3L, a germ line-specific DNMT3-like protein essential for imprint establishment, was not present in chickens. Thus, many of the cis-regulatory elements involved in imprinting and some of the proteins essential for imprint establishment were missing in chickens. This study presents that the critical factors associated with imprinting probably evolved after the divergence of mammals and birds. |
| 所蔵 |
|
|
値 |
有 |
要旨・審査要旨 (151.7 kB)
