{"_buckets": {"deposit": "3b53bbaa-8826-4325-b8b3-96ba7a61b80c"}, "_deposit": {"created_by": 21, "id": "2189", "owners": [21], "pid": {"revision_id": 0, "type": "depid", "value": "2189"}, "status": "published"}, "_oai": {"id": "oai:ir.soken.ac.jp:00002189", "sets": ["34"]}, "author_link": ["341", "342"], "item_2_creator_3": {"attribute_name": "著者名(英)", "attribute_type": "creator", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"creatorNames": [{"creatorName": "INNAN, Hideki", "creatorNameLang": "en"}], "nameIdentifiers": [{"nameIdentifier": "342", "nameIdentifierScheme": "WEKO"}]}]}, "item_2_date_4": {"attribute_name": "発行日", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_date_issued_datetime": "2011-04-26", "subitem_date_issued_type": "Created"}]}, "item_2_description_13": {"attribute_name": "研究課題番号", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "19681020", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_2_description_14": {"attribute_name": "フォーマット", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "application/pdf", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_2_description_16": {"attribute_name": "研究期間", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "2007～2010", "subitem_description_type": "Other"}]}, "item_2_description_17": {"attribute_name": "抄録", "attribute_value_mlt": [{"subitem_description": "本研究課題では、遺伝子の重複によって新しい遺伝子が創りだされる進化メカニズムをゲノムスケールで解明することにより、ゲノム進化とそれに伴う表現型進化を理解することを究極のゴールとする。ゲノムが遺伝子重複により新規機能遺伝子を獲得するときの、進化メカニズムの一般的法則を理解することにある。そして、その結果をもとに、新規機能遺伝子をゲノム中から探し出し、それらに対して集団遺伝子及び分子進化解析を行うことにより、ゲノム進化のメカニズムの解明を目指す。平成19年度、20年度では、重複した遺伝子が集団中に固定していく過程などに関する集団遺伝の理論を確立した。つづいて、平成21年度、22年度では、その応用に重点を置いた。応用範囲は、ハエ、イネ、魚に及ぶ。さらに、新規機能獲得遺伝子を同定するアルゴリズムの試運転をハエと酵母を用いて行った。とくに魚類と酵母で新規の結果が得られた。これらについて、新規機能獲得の進化的解析を行った。それによると、新規機能獲得遺伝子は、多くの近縁種に共通にみられ、獲得イベントがそれらの種分化よりも古く、その後それぞれの種の進化のプロセスで新規機能遺伝子が自然選択の力で守られてきたことを示唆する。このように、生物が進化する上で、遺伝子重複によって新規機能獲得遺伝子を獲得することが重要な役目をはたすことが確認出来た。そして、その痕跡はゲノム中にはっきり残っており、それは本研究で確立した理論によって効果的に検出できることが分かった。\r\n\r\nThis project was aimed to theoretically understand the evolutionary mechanism by which a genome acquires novel functional genes through gene duplication. The theoretical result should contribute to the developing algorithms to detect new genes from genomes. In the first half of the funded period(H19 and H20), I successfully developed theories on the pattern of DNA polymorphism and divergence in duphlicated genes.This directly resulted in a new algorithm to scan a genome for evidence of newly arisen functional genes. This algorithm is simple enough to apply to any genome, from yeast to human. 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